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Holidays in Canada

Canada Main Guide | Places to visit | Things to do

Canada is a huge country with a population numbering about half that of the United Kingdom. Canada spans the northern half of the North American Continent from the Atlantic to the Pacific coasts. The southern border with the United States is unguarded (except by customs posts). To the north are expanses of sub-arctic terrain eventually leading to the arctic itself.

Canada is friendly with the United States and has strong ties with Britain. In the Quebec region there are large numbers of French-speaking people who have at times campaigned for their own state.

Canada Facts At A Glance

Area: 9,984,670 sq km

Climate: Temperate in the south, colder and finally arctic in the far north

Terrain: Mostly plains with mountains in the west and lowlands in southeast

Population: 32 Million

Languages: English, French

Currency: Canadian Dollar

Time Zone: Varies

International Dialling Code: +001

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Places to visit

Prince Edward Island is the smallest province of Canada. It was here that delegates from Upper and Lower Canada met in 1864 to discuss the creation of what became the modern nation of Canada. The regional capital is Charlottestown, where those historic events are regularly re-created.

Many visitors to Prince Edward Island come to the Cavendish Resort Centre with its red sandy beaches and beautiful weather. The area is also famous as the home of Lucy Maud Montgomery, creator of Anne of Green Gables. Many local landmarks parallel places named in Montgomery’s work.

The province of Newfoundland and Labrador on the Atlantic coast has its capital at St John’s. Founded in the early 1500s, St John’s is the oldest city in North America. The city has a number of historic sites including Signal Hill where the first trans-Atlantic radio signal was received in 1901. There are fortifications dating from the Napoleonic Wars and museums dedicated to the native people and their lifestyle.

At L’anse Aux Meadows the remains of a Viking settlement dating from around 1000 AD were found. The site has reconstructed Viking houses and artifacts from their settlement. The Gros Morne National Park is also most interesting for its highly unusual volcanic and glacial landscape.

The Quebec region centres on Quebec City, a European city set in the midst of the New World. Quebec was heavily fortified when it was first constructed, making it the only fortified city north of Mexico. The old citadel, ramparts and walls remain largely intact.

Quebec has some good museums including the Musee de Quebec, dedicated to the art of the region. The city hosts an annual winter carnival and is just 30 minutes’ travel from Canada’s largest cross-country skiing centre. Outdoor activities are popular in summer, including golf, mountain biking and sailing.

Montreal is the second largest French-speaking city in the world. It has no less that 650 parks and is very varied, with a Latin quarter and a Chinatown as well as excellent shopping in the multicultural Main quarter. Montreal also has one of the world’s largest casinos.

Ontario has its capital at Toronto, a modern city and major business centre. Toronto hosts many music events and has impressive wildlife parks as well as great sporting opportunities. Ontario’s greatest natural attraction is the famous Niagara Falls, where enormous amounts of water pour over the falls in a never-ending torrent. The city of Niagara also boasts a very impressive marine animal park.

The city of Ottawa, on the river of the same name, is the seat of government for all of Canada. The city has many museums dedicated to subjects as diverse as military history, civilization, and science & technology.

Alberta on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains has its capital at Edmonton. Edmonton hosts a wide range of events throughout the summer, ranging from music festivals to rodeos. The area is also popular for outdoor activities.

The city of Banff is the site of several good ski resorts as well as being a national park of great beauty, while Calgary, which hosted the 1988 Winter Olympics, has many good museums and prehistoric park where you can see life-sized dinosaur replicas. Nearby are another good dinosaur site at the Royal Tyrell Museum of Paleontology and Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump, one of the oldest Buffalo Jumps (places where buffalo were herded over cliffs by hunters) in Canada.

British Columbia lies on the Pacific coast close to the US city of Seattle, which is just over the border from Vancouver. The provincial capital is Victoria, famous for its gardens and 19 th-century stone buildings. The British Columbia Museum celebrates 12,000 years of history in the region, while the Art Gallery of Greater Victoria has some excellent Japanese art including the only Shinto shrine in North America. Marine safaris off the coast are popular, allowing visitors to see whales porpoises and sea lions in their natural habitat.

Vancouver lies between the Pacific and the mountains. It is a multicultural city with great shopping opportunities as well as galleries and museums. Among the city’s excellent gardens are Stanley Park, which also houses Vancouver Aquarium, and the Dr Sun Yat-Sen Garden in Chinatown, a classical Chinese garden.

Yukon , in the northwest, was opened up by the great gold rush of 1896. The resulting explosion of prospecting and related activities turned Dawson City into the largest city in western Canada. The city is surrounded by beautiful countryside and has many attractions based around the Gold Rush and its history. As well as historic re-enactments and museums, you can even try panning for gold yourself.

Nearby Whitehorse is the capital of the Yukon. It boasts some fascinating museums and restored paddlesteamers. Other historic and cultural attractions include exhibits of the native people’s culture and a replica of the Queen of the Yukon, sister aircraft to the history making Spirit of St Louis.

Things to do

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